What’s the Difference Between LTL and Full Truckload?

Before we dive into when to choose FTL, let’s clarify the basics.

• LTL (Less-than-Truckload) shipping is ideal when your freight doesn’t take up a full trailer. You only pay for the portion of space you use.
• FTL (Full Truckload) means you book the entire trailer, whether or not you fill it completely.

While LTL offers flexibility and cost-sharing, FTL gives you exclusivity, speed, and minimal handling. The decision comes down to the specific needs of your freight—and your business.

When Should You Choose Full Truckload Over LTL?

Let’s get to the real meat of it. Here are the top scenarios where full truckload is your best bet:

1. You’re Shipping Large Volumes of Freight

If your shipment is over 15,000 pounds or more than 10 pallets, it’s likely more economical (and practical) to go with FTL.

Why?

• Carriers often charge a flat rate for a full truckload, regardless of whether it’s fully maxed out.
• LTL pricing climbs sharply as weight and space increase.

💡 Pro tip: Once you’re nearing half a trailer’s space, it’s smart to compare FTL quotes—you might save money in the long run.

2. You’re on a Tight Delivery Timeline

Time-sensitive freight? Full truckload is almost always faster.

LTL shipments make multiple stops as carriers consolidate freight from multiple customers. That means:

• More loading/unloading
• More potential for delays
• Less predictability

FTL, on the other hand, typically moves direct from point A to point B. That makes it ideal for:

• Retail product launches
• Seasonal inventory
• Perishable goods
• Just-in-time (JIT) manufacturing supplies

🚛 According to a 2022 study by FreightWaves, FTL deliveries average 30-50% faster than comparable LTL shipments.

3. Your Freight Is Fragile or High-Risk

More stops = more handling = higher risk of damage.

If your freight is:

• Fragile or high-value
• Prone to damage from vibration, stacking, or exposure
• Requiring extra security (think electronics, pharmaceuticals, etc.)

Then FTL is the safer bet. With no transfers or stops along the way, your goods stay securely on the same trailer from start to finish.

4. Your Freight Has Specific Handling or Temperature Requirements

Not every LTL network is equipped to handle special requirements like:

• Refrigerated transport
• Hazmat materials
• White glove delivery
• Oversized or odd-shaped freight

Full truckload gives you more control over the environment and equipment used. You can book specialized trailers (reefer, flatbed, etc.) and coordinate directly with the carrier to ensure all requirements are met.

5. You Want Greater Control and Reliability

FTL shipments are simpler in many ways:

• You know exactly when the truck will arrive.
• There’s no chance of your freight being delayed due to another shipper’s load.
• There’s a single point of contact for the entire route.

In short? Less drama, fewer variables, more peace of mind.

Cost Comparison: LTL vs. FTL

Let’s talk numbers. While LTL might look cheaper on the surface, FTL can often be the better value—especially when you factor in hidden costs.

So if speed, safety, or reliability matter more than saving a few bucks upfront, FTL is often the smarter investment.

Real-World Example: When One Company Switched to FTL

Let’s say you’re a regional beverage distributor prepping for a summer rollout. You’ve got 14 pallets of drinks that need to hit store shelves within 48 hours.

You could send them LTL—but with all the transfers and timing risks, those shipments may arrive late or damaged. Instead, you book an FTL carrier. The truck arrives on time, the goods are untouched, and the stores get stocked ahead of schedule.

Result? Happy customers, fewer complaints, and no rushed follow-ups.

How to Decide: A Quick Checklist

Still not sure which mode fits your shipment best? Use this quick checklist:

✅ Is your freight over 10–12 pallets or 15,000 lbs?
✅ Does it need to arrive on a tight deadline?
✅ Is it sensitive to damage or handling?
✅ Does it require special equipment (reefer, hazmat, etc.)?
✅ Do you want full control over the pickup and delivery times?

If you answered “yes” to two or more, full truckload is likely the right call.

Final Thoughts

Choosing between LTL and FTL isn’t just about cost—it’s about optimizing your supply chain.

When in doubt, think beyond the price tag and ask: What’s the true cost of delays, damage, or poor service? Full truckload may seem like a bigger investment upfront, but for the right shipment, it pays off in speed, security, and simplicity.

FAQ: Full Truckload vs. LTL Shipping

1. Is FTL always more expensive than LTL?

Not necessarily. While the base rate for FTL is higher, it can be more cost-effective for large or sensitive shipments due to reduced risk, faster transit, and flat-rate pricing.

2. Can I ship partial loads using FTL?

Yes! Even if your load doesn’t fill the trailer, you can still book it as FTL for exclusive use—especially if speed and safety are priorities.

3. Are there weight limits for LTL shipments?

Most LTL carriers cap loads around 15,000–20,000 lbs. Over that, you may face surcharges—or find it’s cheaper to switch to FTL.

4. How do I choose a reliable FTL carrier?

Look for carriers with strong reviews, specialized equipment, and experience in your industry. You can also use freight brokers or 3PLs to help vet and negotiate on your behalf.

5. What equipment is available with FTL?

Options include dry vans, refrigerated (reefer) trucks, flatbeds, and even curtain sides. You can match the equipment to your freight’s exact needs.

References & Further Reading

HubSpot – Supply Chain Strategy

FreightWaves Market Insights

U.S. Department of Transportation – Freight Facts

Inbound Logistics – LTL vs. FTL Guide

Forbes – Logistics Trends